Sucrose
What is sucrose
Sucrose is often referred to as “table sugar”. But what is sucrose made of? Sucrose is a disaccharide composed of glucose and fructose molecules bonded together. As one of the most prevalent sugars in our diets, sucrose is naturally found in various plants, including sugarcane and sugar beets. In addition to being a sweetener, sucrose serves as a quick energy source due to its rapid breakdown in the body.
Sucrose meaning
Sucrose is classified as a disaccharide because it contains two monosaccharides—glucose and fructose. This structure distinguishes it from other sugars like glucose (a monosaccharide) and lactose (another disaccharide). When consumed, sucrose sugar is broken down by enzymes in the digestive system into its constituent sugars, which are then absorbed into the bloodstream to provide energy.
You might ask yourself, what type of sugar is sucrose? Sucrose, compared to other sugars, metabolizes quickly, offering an almost immediate source of energy, but it lacks fiber and other nutrients found in naturally occurring sugars in fruits and vegetables.
How sucrose is processed
Once ingested, sucrose is broken down by the enzyme invertase, which splits it into glucose and fructose. These monosaccharides are then absorbed through the walls of the small intestine. Glucose directly enters the bloodstream and provides energy to cells, while fructose is processed mainly in the liver. Excess fructose may contribute to fat production, particularly when consumed in high quantities.
Foods high in sucrose
Many everyday foods contain sucrose, especially sweetened products and processed foods. Common sources include:
- Candies and desserts
- Sodas and sugary drinks
- Baked goods like cakes and cookies
- Ice cream and other frozen treats
- Canned fruits and sweetened yogurts
Sucrose is also hidden in items such as condiments, salad dressings, and even savory sauces. Checking ingredient labels for terms like “sucrose,” “sugar,” or “syrup” can help identify sources of added sugars.
Sucrose intolerance
Causes and symptoms
Sucrose intolerance arises when the body lacks enough invertase enzyme, making it challenging to digest sucrose properly. This can lead to uncomfortable symptoms such as:
- Bloating and gas
- Diarrhea
- Abdominal pain
- Nausea
It’s essential to differentiate sucrose intolerance from other sugar intolerances, like lactose intolerance, which involves different digestive enzymes and affects the breakdown of other types of sugar.
Managing sucrose intolerance
For individuals with sucrose intolerance, managing symptoms typically involves limiting or avoiding high-sucrose foods. Whole fruits, while containing sucrose, often provide fiber, which may help slow sugar absorption. Processed foods with high sucrose content are best minimized. If you don’t want to change your diet, you also can use digestive enzyme supplements
Enzyme supplements
Invertase is an enzyme that assists in breaking down sucrose. Enzyme supplements with invertase can help to digest sucrose, this can help reduce symptoms when taken before consuming sucrose-rich foods.* Starchway is an example of a product that contains invertase.
Tips for low-sucrose alternatives
Many alternatives are available for those looking to reduce sucrose intake. Opting for fresh, whole foods over processed items is a beneficial start. Additionally, low-sucrose or sucrose-free versions of favorite foods, like sauces and dressings, can often be found or made at home.
The impact of sucrose
While sucrose offers quick energy, overconsumption can lead to health issues like weight gain, dental decay, and increased risk of metabolic conditions. Its role in processed foods often results in excessive intake, highlighting the importance of balancing sucrose with naturally occurring sugars in fruits, vegetables, and other whole foods.
If you suspect a food intolerance (like a sucrose intolerance), you always can contact one of our specialized dietitians for free or do the Intolerance test for more insights.

*These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.